NASA's 5 favorite images from Landsat, Earth's eye in the sky
The first Landsat satellite was launched in 1972, and last Monday marked the program's 40th anniversary. Seven generations of satellites have since been looking back at Earth and tracking the changes that our species is making through millions of multispectral images covering the entire globe, and here are the five best of them.
The Landsat program is still going strong, with the next generation of satellite (pictured in the rendering above) slated for a 2013 launch. The The Landsat Data Continuity Mission will continue recording the evolution of our planet in the visible, near-infrared, short wave infrared, and thermal infrared spectra, ensuring decades more spectacular images like the ones in the gallery below. These are the top five images from NASA's Earth as Art sets, chosen by a Facebook poll, and we have them for you below complete with captions from the U.S. Geological Survey committee.
Landsat images courtesy NASA.
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5th Place: Lake Eyre, 9/5/06 Deep in the desert country of northern South Australia, Lake Eyre is an ephemeral feature of this flat, parched landscape. When seasonal rains are abundant, water fills the lakebed to some degree. During the last 150 years, Lake Eyre has filled completely only three times. When brimming, it is Australia's largest lake.
4th Place: Algerian Abstract, 4/8/1985: What look like pale yellow paint streaks slashing through a mosaic of mottled colors are ridges of wind-blown sand that make up Erg Iguidi, an area of ever-shifting sand dunes extending from Algeria into Mauritania in northwestern Africa.
3rd Place: Meandering Mississippi, 5/28/03 Small, blocky shapes of towns, fields, and pastures surround the graceful swirls and whorls of the Mississippi River. Countless oxbow lakes and cutoffs accompany the meandering river south of Memphis, Tennessee, on the border between Arkansas and Mississippi, USA.
2nd Place: Yukon Delta, 9/22/02 After beginning in northern British Columbia and flowing through Yukon in Canada, the Yukon River crosses Alaska, USA, before emptying into the Bering Sea. Countless lakes, sloughs, and ponds are scattered throughout this scene of the Yukon Delta. The river's sinuous, branching waterways seem like blood vessels branching out to enclose an organ.
1st Place: Van Gogh from Space, 7/13/05 In the style of Van Gogh's painting "Starry Night," massive congregations of greenish phytoplankton swirl in the dark water around Gotland, a Swedish island in the Baltic Sea. Phytoplankton are microscopic marine plants that form the first link in nearly all ocean food chains. Population explosions, or blooms, of phytoplankton, like the one shown here, occur when deep currents bring nutrients up to sunlit surface waters, fueling the growth and reproduction of these tiny plants.